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2.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 46(2): 166-171, Mar-Apr/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-674652

ABSTRACT

Introduction The yellow fever epidemic that occurred in 1972/73 in Central Brazil surprised the majority of the population unprotected. A clinical-epidemiological survey conducted at that time in the rural area of 19 municipalities found that the highest (13.8%) number of disease cases were present in the municipality of Luziânia, State of Goiás. Methods Thirty-eight years later, a new seroepidemiological survey was conducted with the aim of assessing the degree of immune protection of the rural population of Luziânia, following the continuous attempts of public health services to obtain vaccination coverage in the region. A total of 383 volunteers, aged between 5 and 89 years and with predominant rural labor activities (75.5%), were interviewed. The presence of antibodies against the yellow fever was also investigated in these individuals, by using plaque reduction neutralization test, and correlated to information regarding residency, occupation, epidemiological data and immunity against the yellow fever virus. Results We found a high (97.6%) frequency of protective titers (>1:10) of neutralizing antibodies against the yellow fever virus; the frequency of titers of 1:640 or higher was 23.2%, indicating wide immune protection against the disease in the study population. The presence of protective immunity was correlated to increasing age. Conclusions This study reinforces the importance of surveys to address the immune state of a population at risk for yellow fever infection and to the surveillance of actions to control the disease in endemic areas. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Endemic Diseases , Yellow Fever Vaccine/administration & dosage , Yellow Fever/immunology , Yellow fever virus/immunology , Antibodies, Viral/immunology , Brazil/epidemiology , Population Surveillance , Rural Population , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Yellow Fever Vaccine/immunology , Yellow Fever/epidemiology
3.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 46(1): 67-72, Jan.-Feb. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-666797

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax species has shown signs of severity, recorded with increasing frequency in the medical literature. This study aimed to characterize the signs of severe malaria by Plasmodium vivax in the State of Maranhão, Brazil. METHODS: A descriptive cohort study of patients assisted in the field and a historical and concurrent study of a series of cases among hospitalized patients were undertaken to identify the clinical and laboratory signs of severity. RESULTS: A total of 153 patients were included in the study, 13 of whom were hospitalized. Males made up the majority, numbering 103 (67.3%). The age of the patients ranged from 10 to 70 years, 92.2% were natives of the State of Maranhão, and 65% of the patients had had malaria before. The average time elapsed between symptom onset and diagnosis among outpatients was three days, while among hospitalized patients this average reached 15.5 days, a statistically significant difference (p=0.001). The parasitemia ranged from 500 to 10,000 parasites/µl in 92.8% of cases. The clinical and laboratory manifestations of severity were vomiting and diarrhea, jaundice, drowsiness, mental confusion, seizures, loss of consciousness, agitation, bleeding, pale skin, coughing and dyspnea, thrombocytopenia, anemia, elevation of nitrogenous compounds, and elevated transaminases and bilirubin. CONCLUSIONS: The monitoring of malaria patients with Plasmodium vivax showed the possibility of aggravation, the intensity of which varied in different circumstances, especially the interval time between falling ill and diagnostic confirmation.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Malaria, Vivax/complications , Severity of Illness Index , Brazil/epidemiology , Malaria, Vivax/epidemiology , Parasitemia/parasitology , Risk Factors
4.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 106(supl.1): 52-63, Aug. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-597244

ABSTRACT

Despite not being a criterion for severe malaria, thrombocytopenia is one of the most common complications of both Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria. In a systematic review of the literature, platelet counts under 150,000/mm³ ranged from 24-94 percent in patients with acute malaria and this frequency was not different between the two major species that affected humans. Minor bleeding is mentioned in case reports of patients with P. vivax infection and may be explained by medullary compensation with the release of mega platelets in the peripheral circulation by megakaryocytes, thus maintaining a good primary haemostasis. The speculated mechanisms leading to thrombocytopenia are: coagulation disturbances, splenomegaly, bone marrow alterations, antibody-mediated platelet destruction, oxidative stress and the role of platelets as cofactors in triggering severe malaria. Data from experimental models are presented and, despite not being rare, there is no clear recommendation on the adequate management of this haematological complication. In most cases, a conservative approach is adopted and platelet counts usually revert to normal ranges a few days after efficacious antimalarial treatment. More studies are needed to specifically clarify if thrombocytopenia is the cause or consequence of the clinical disease spectrum.


Subject(s)
Humans , Malaria, Falciparum , Malaria, Vivax , Thrombocytopenia , Thrombocytopenia
5.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 43(6): 749-750, Nov.-Dec. 2010.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-569451

ABSTRACT

Two cases of malaria by Plasmodium vivax relapsed after treatment with drugs in doses recommended by the Ministry of Health are presented. Both patients were overweight and were followed in the Federal District, an area considered free from vector transmission of the disease. Radical cure was obtained after medication with the same drugs in weight proportional doses.


São apresentados dois casos de pacientes com malária por Plasmodium vivax que apresentaram recaídas após tratamento com medicamentos em doses indicadas pelo Ministério da Saúde. Ambos os pacientes tinham pesos elevados e foram acompanhados no Distrito Federal, área considerada sem transmissão vetorial da doença. A cura radical foi obtida após medicação em dose proporcional ao peso corpóreo dos pacientes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antimalarials/administration & dosage , Malaria, Vivax/drug therapy , Overweight/complications , Primaquine/administration & dosage , Malaria, Vivax/complications , Recurrence , Treatment Failure
6.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 43(2): 213-214, Mar.-Apr. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-545781

ABSTRACT

Foram detectados três casos de malária vivax em Brasília, Distrito Federal, área considerada indene, procedentes da Amazônia, seis meses após estarem residindo em Brasília. Período de incubação prolongado tem sido descrito apenas para infecções por cepas de Plasmodium vivax de clima temperado. Não foi possível genotipar os parasitos.


Three cases of vivax malaria originating from the Amazon region were detected after living in Brasilia, Federal District (considered to be a non-endemic area), for six months. Long incubation periods have been described only for infections due to strains of Plasmodium vivax in temperate climates. It was not possible to genotype the parasites.


Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Malaria, Vivax/diagnosis , Antimalarials/therapeutic use , Chloroquine/therapeutic use , Malaria, Vivax/drug therapy , Plasmodium vivax/isolation & purification , Primaquine/therapeutic use , Time Factors
7.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 41(2): 169-172, mar.-abr. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-484222

ABSTRACT

Foram estudados 76 pacientes com paracoccidioidomicose, assistidos no Hospital Universitário de Brasília, entre 1984 e 2005. O gênero masculino representou 82,9 por cento e a média de idade foi 42 anos. Atividades agropecuárias caracterizaram 54,9 por cento dos pacientes. Entre pacientes com a forma crônica, 87 por cento eram tabagistas e 55,3 por cento etilistas. Em 71 pacientes sem co-infecção por HIV/aids: a) houve recidiva da paracoccidioidomicose em 21 (29,6 por cento); b) a forma crônica ou mista acometeu 77,5 por cento dos pacientes, com predominância de comprometimento orofaríngeo (70,9 por cento) e pulmonar (67,3 por cento), além de lesões linfonodais (29,8 por cento), laríngeas (27,3 por cento) e cutâneas (16,4 por cento); c) na forma aguda/subaguda, predominou o comprometimento linfonodal (81,3 por cento), seguido por lesões cutâneas (43,8 por cento), resultando doença grave em 62,5 por cento e moderada em 37,5 por cento. Cinco pacientes tinham co-infecção por HIV/aids, dos quais três tiveram a infecção fúngica disseminada associada a acentuada imunodepressão.


Seventy-six paracoccidioidomycosis patients attended at the university hospital of Brasília from 1984 to 2005 were studied. 82.9 percent were male and the mean age was 42 years. 54.9 percent of the patients were engaged in farming activities. Among the patients with the chronic form, 87 percent were smokers and 55.3 percent consumed alcohol. Among 71 patients without HIV/AIDS coinfection: a) paracoccidioidomycosis was recurrent in 21 (29.6 percent); b) the chronic or mixed form affected 77.5 percent of patients, predominantly in the oropharynx (70.9 percent) and lungs (67.3 percent), with lymph node lesions in 29.8 percent, laryngeal lesions in 27.3 percent and cutaneous lesions in 16.4 percent; c) in the acute/subacute form, lymph node lesions predominated (81.3 percent), followed by cutaneous lesions in 43.8 percent, which resulted in severe disease in 62.5 percent and moderate disease in 37.5 percent. Five patients had HIV/AIDS coinfection and three of them presented disseminated fungal infection together with marked immunosuppression.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology , Paracoccidioidomycosis/epidemiology , Acute Disease , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Brazil/epidemiology , Chronic Disease , Follow-Up Studies , Hospitals, University , Prevalence , Paracoccidioidomycosis/diagnosis , Paracoccidioidomycosis/drug therapy , Severity of Illness Index
8.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 49(6): 365-370, Nov.-Dec. 2007. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-470519

ABSTRACT

Burn mortality statistics may be misleading unless they account properly for the many factors that can influence outcome. Such estimates are useful for patients and others making medical and financial decisions concerning their care. This study aimed to define the clinical, microbiological and laboratorial predictors of mortality with a view to focus on better burn care. Data were collected using independent variables, which were analyzed sequentially and cumulatively, employing univariate statistics and a pooled, cross-sectional, multivariate logistic regression to establish which variables better predict the probability of mortality. Survivors and non-survivors among burn patients were compared to define the predictive factors of mortality. Mortality rate was 5.0 percent. Higher age, larger burn area, presence of fungi in the wound, shorter length of stay and the presence of multi-resistant bacteria in the wound significantly predicted increased mortality. The authors conclude that those patients who are most apt to die are those with age > 50 years, with limited skin donor sites and those with multi-resistant bacteria and fungi in the wound.


As estatísticas de mortalidade em queimaduras podem ser incompletas se não levarem em consideração vários fatores que podem influenciar o óbito. Tradicionalmente, apenas a extensão da queimadura e a idade do paciente têm sido usadas como preditores de mortalidade em vítimas de queimaduras. Estas estimativas são úteis na assistência aos pacientes, interferindo em decisões médicas e financeiras no cuidado desses doentes. O objetivo desse estudo foi definir os preditores clínicos, microbiológicos e laboratoriais de mortalidade em pacientes queimados. Os autores realizaram uma análise univariada e multivariada de várias variáveis independentes para determinar os fatores preditivos de mortalidade em queimados. A taxa de mortalidade foi de 5,0 por cento. A idade mais avançada, a extensão das queimaduras, a presença de fungo na ferida queimada e a presença de bactéria multiresistente na ferida foram os fatores que mais aumentaram significativamente a mortalidade em pacientes queimados. Os autores concluem que os pacientes com maior probabilidade de óbito são os pacientes com idade superior a 50 anos, com queimaduras extensas, presença de fungo e bactéria multiresistente na ferida.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Burns/mortality , Burns/microbiology , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Epidemiologic Methods , Injury Severity Score , Prognosis
9.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 40(3): 286-289, maio-jun. 2007. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-456321

ABSTRACT

As lesões anorretais são comuns nos pacientes positivos para o vírus da imunodeficiência humana. A terapia antirretroviral de alta efetividade tem pouca influência na progressão das neoplasias anais. Estudou-se a prevalência das lesões anorretais em 88 pacientes HIV positivos atendidos no serviço de doenças infecto-parasitárias do Hospital Universitário de Brasília, em uso de terapia antirretroviral de alta efetividade. Dados sócio-demográficos foram coletados usando um questionário pré-elaborado e os pacientes foram submetidos a exame proctológico. Cerca de 71 por cento relataram coito anal e 30,7 por cento estavam em uso de inibidor de protease. A prevalência das lesões anorretais foi 36,4 por cento, sendo as mais freqüentes: condiloma acuminado e fissura anal. O condiloma acuminado foi a lesão anorretal mais prevalente e teve associação com o uso de lopinavir/ritonavir. Sugere-se o rastreamento das lesões anorretais causadas pelo papilomavírus humano nos pacientes HIV positivos/AIDS em uso de inibidor de protease.


Anorectal lesions are common in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has little influence on the progression of anal neoplasms. The prevalence of anorectal lesions in 88 HIV-positive patients attended at the infectious diseases service of the University Hospital of Brasília who were using HAART was studied. Sociodemographic data were collected using a pre-prepared questionnaire and then the patients underwent proctological examination. Around 71 percent of the patients said they practiced anal intercourse. 30.7 percent were using a protease inhibitor. The prevalence of anorectal lesions was 36.4 percent, and condyloma acuminata and anal fissure were the most frequent of these. Condyloma acuminata was the most prevalent anorectal lesion and was strongly associated with the use of lopinavir/ritonavir. Screening for anorectal lesions caused by human papillomavirus in HIV/AIDS patients who use protease inhibitors is suggested.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Rectal Diseases/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Rectal Diseases/diagnosis , Rectal Diseases/etiology , Sexual Behavior , Socioeconomic Factors
10.
Brasília méd ; 44(2): 87-92, 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-496084

ABSTRACT

A serologic inquiry was performed in order to estimate the prevalence of the anti-HCV antibody in a population of 151 HIV infected patients under treatment at the Hospital Universitário de Brasília. The anti-HCV test was positive in 27 (CI 95% 12.3 – 25.1) patients (17,9%). A case-control study was also performed to identify risk factors for HCV infection in 92 selected patients (23 cases and 69 controls). The main mean of acquisition of HCV among patients was probably use of intravenous (p < 0.001, OR 45.00, CI 95% 8.04 – 956.68) or inhalant drugs (p < 0.001, OR 22.50, CI 95% 6.37 – 763.85), followed by tattoos (p=0.04, OR 3.29, CI 95% 1.12 – 9.37), blood transfusion before 1993 (p = 0.03, OR 5.62, CI 95% 1.28 – 50.09) and sexual contact with many partners (p = 0.03, OR 5.00, CI 95% 1.35 – 20.98).


Foi realizado um inquérito sorológico para estimar a prevalência do anticorpo anti-VHC na população de 151 pacientes portadores do HIV em tratamento no Hospital Universitário de Brasília. A positividade do anti-VHC ocorreu em 27 (IC95% 12,3- 25,1) pacientes (17,9%). Também se realizou um estudo caso-controle para identificar os fatores de risco para aquisição do VHC. Para isso foram selecionados 92 pacientes (23 casos e 69 controles). A principal via de aquisição do VHC foi provavelmente o uso de drogas injetáveis (p < 0,001, OR 45,00, IC 95% 8,04 – 956,68) ou de drogas inalatórias (p < 0,001, OR 22,50, IC 95% 6,37 – 763,85), seguido por tatuagem (p = 0,04, OR 3,29, IC 95% 1,12 – 9,37), transfusão sanguínea anterior a 1993 (p = 0,03, OR 5,62, IC 95% 1,28 – 50,09) e hábitos sexuais com múltiplos parceiros (p = 0,03, OR 5,00, IC 95% 1,35 – 20,98).

11.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Cir. Plást., (1997) ; 21(2): 108-111, abr.-jun. 2006.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-455022

ABSTRACT

Os avanços no tratamento de queimados têm reduzido as taxas de letalidade e melhorado a qualidade de vida das vítimas de queimaduras. Entretanto, as complicações infecciosas continuam sendo um desafio e uma das principais causas de óbito do queimado. Além da extensão da superfície corporal queimada, que acarreta alteração estrutural na cobertura cutânea com grande carga de colonização bactenana, outros fatores favorecem as complicações infecciosas nos queimados: a imunossupressão decorrente da lesão térmica, a possibilidade de translocação bactenana gastnntestinal e a intemação prolongada. Também, o uso de cateteres e tubos, ou seja, os procedimentos invasivos diagnósticos e terapêuticos que levam ao comprometimento das defesas naturais do hospedeiro, favorecem a ocorrência de infecção.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bacterial Infections , Burns , Infection Control
12.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 39(1): 47-50, jan. -fev. 2006. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-422083

ABSTRACT

Um estudo prospectivo, sobre a sensibilidade antimicrobiana da flora bacteriana em úlceras cutâneas leishmanióticas, foi realizado em pacientes portadores de leishmaniose tegumentar, em Corte de Pedra, Bahia. Foram estudados 84 pacientes, principalmente adolescentes e adultos dedicados à lavoura, apresentando lesão cutânea única. Staphylococcus aureus predominou (83 por cento) nas culturas, sendo sensível à maioria dos antibióticos testados. Flora bacteriana mista esteve presente na úlcera em 37 (44,1 por cento) pacientes. Entre as bactérias Gram-negativas isoladas, foram mais freqüentes Enterobacter sp (13,1 por cento), Proteus sp (8,3 por cento), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7,1 por cento) e Klebsiella sp (7,1 por cento), sendo sensíveis principalmente à ciprofloxacina, aminoglicosídeos, cefalosporinas de terceira geracão e carbapenêmicos.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/microbiology , Skin Ulcer/microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Prospective Studies
13.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Cir. Plást., (1997) ; 20(4): 220-224, out.-dez. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-420619

ABSTRACT

O estudo compreendeu os pacientes internados na Unidade de Queimados do Hospital Regional da Asa Norte, Brasília-DF, no período de 1º de junho de 2001 a 1º de fevereiro de 2005. Cento trinta e nove (15,5 per center) pacientes tiveram sepse, de um total de 895 queimados. Cada paciente teve um ou, no máximo, quatro episódios de sepse durante a internação, totalizando 171 episódios. Setenta e oito (56,1 per cent) eram homens e a idade média foi 21 anos (variação de 1 a 89 anos). A superfície corporal queimada variou de 7 a 88 per cent, com uma média de 34,0 per cent. Os sítios de origem dos episódios de sepse foram: a ferida queimada (45,6 per cent), o pulmão (10,5 per cent), o cateter vascular (8,8 per cent) e origem desconhecida ou não determinada (35,1 per cent). As principais bactérias causadoras de sepse foram Staphylococcus sp. (65,2 per cent), Acinetobacter sp. (12,3 per cent), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10,5 per cent) e Enterobacter cloacae (7,6 per cent).. Oitenta e sete (62,6 per cent) pacientes tiveram o primeiro episódio de sepse na primeira semana de internação. Em 62 episódios com isolamento de S. aureus, houve resistência à oxacilina em 37,1 per cent. Todos estafilococos se mostraram sensíveis à vancomicina. Em conclusão, o conhecimento das bactérias prevalentes e da sensibilidade antimicrobiana facilitará a elaboração de protocolos de atendimento, esquemas antimicrobianos e medidas terapêuticas mais eficazes, contribuindo para diminuir a morbidade e a letalidade dos pacientes queimados, com sepse.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Female , Burns , Cross Infection , Enterobacteriaceae Infections , Sepsis , Methods , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures
14.
Rev. saúde Dist. Fed ; 16(3/4): 49-53, jul.-dez. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-420745

ABSTRACT

A prescrição de esquemas analgésicos, frequentemente, não resulta no alívio do sofrimento causado pela dor do paciente queimado. É necessária a compreensão ampla do fenômeno álgico, do significado do impacto deste sobre o doente e seus familiares. É uma postura ética, o conhecimento da farmacologia dos agentes empregados, dos mecanismos de modulação da dor e dos benefícios da psicoterapia. Assim como, é dever ético do profissional da saúde envidar todos os esforços para atenuar as angústias e os horrores causados pela dor.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Care , Pain , Burns , Ethics, Professional
15.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 100(5): 535-539, Aug. 2005. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-409972

ABSTRACT

A prospective study of fungal and bacterial flora of burn wounds was carried out from February 2004 to February 2005 at the Burns Unit of Hospital Regional da Asa Norte, Brasília, Brazil. During the period of the study, 203 patients were treated at the Burns Unit. Wound swab cultures were assessed at weekly intervals for four weeks. Three hundred and fifty four sampling procedures (surface swabs) were performed from the burn wounds. The study revealed that bacterial colonization reached 86.6 percent within the first week. Although the gram-negative organisms, as a group, were more predominant, Staphylococcus aureus (28.4 percent) was the most prevalent organism in the first week. It was however surpassed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa form third week onwards. For S. aureus and P. aeruginosa vancomycin and polymyxin were found to be the most effective drugs. Most of the isolates showed high level resistance to antimicrobial agents. Fungi were found to colonize the burn wound late during the second week postburn, with a peak incidence during the third and fourth weeks. Species identification of fungi revealed that Candida tropicalis was the most predominant, followed by Candida parapsilosis. It is crucial for every burn institution to determine the specific pattern of burn wound microbial colonization, the time-related changes in the dominant flora, and the antimicrobial sensitivity profiles. This would enable early treatment of imminent septic episodes with proper empirical systemic antibiotics, without waiting for culture results, thus improving the overall infection-related morbidity and mortality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Burns/microbiology , Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification , Wound Infection/microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/therapeutic use , Burns/drug therapy , Gram-Positive Bacteria/classification , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Prospective Studies , Silver Sulfadiazine/therapeutic use , Wound Infection/drug therapy
16.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 27(2): 147-152, maio-ago. 2003.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-353006

ABSTRACT

A Semiologia Médica representa a ponte entre os ciclos básico e profissionalizante do curso médico. Neste artigo, o ensino da Semiologia é enfatizado como essencial ao raciocínio clínico que irá conduzir ao diagnóstico e ao estabelecimento da boa relação médico-paciente. São levantadas considerações acerca dos objetivos, logística, segmentos envolvidos, estruturação e desenvolvimento do curso, baseadas em experiência vivida na Universidade de Brasília.


Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Medical , Medical History Taking , Physician-Patient Relations , Clinical Record , Medical Records , Teaching
17.
Brasília méd ; 40(1/4): 7-11, 2003. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-392035

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar o aspecto clinicoepidemiológico de casos de malária no Distrito Federal (DF), transmitidos por imigrantes infectados. Material e Métodos: Em estudo retrospectivo, foram estudados prontuários de 31 pacientes do Hospital Universitário de Brasília (HUB) cujos dados clínico-epidemiológicos foram registrados, em fichas padronizadas, no período de 1985 a 2000. Resultados: A infecção pelo Plasmodium falciparum foi a mais freqüente (61,3 por cento). Cerca de 41,9 por cento dos pacientes foram multiinfectados. A doença ocorreu, sobretudo, em adultos de 30 a 49 anos (51,6 por cento). O tempo de confirmação foi 4,3 dias em médica. Não houve óbito, nem registro de caso autóctone do Distrito Federal no período do estudo. Conclusão: A maioria dos pacientes com malária tinha P. falciparum. Na área extra-amazônica, algumas vezes o tratamento é retardado por dificuldade para estabelecer o diagnóstico. Estudos clinicoepidemiológicos, em áreas não-endêmicas, indicam necessidade de preparar recursos para executarem rápida confirmção e pronta intervenção terapêutica. A contínua migração de pacientes da Amazônia, infectados pelo Plasmodium e a possibilidade de tais pacientes concorrerem para a introdução da malária em áreas receptivas justificam a necessidade de centros de referência e de padronização de condutas para benefício de programas de assistência.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adult , Middle Aged , Malaria , Plasmodium falciparum
18.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 35(4): 385-393, jul.-aug. 2002.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-331741

ABSTRACT

Field work is of fundamental importance for information regarding so-called tropical diseases. It enables more precise establishment of the prevalence of endemic diseases and of its social and economic consequences, allows study of the many clinical variants of diseases, of the epidemiological factors which trigger and maintain a certain morbid condition in the field environment where it occurs, thus enabling the investigation of the causal agent, of the diverse reservoirs and vectors in the natural conditions of transmission. This article approaches relevant structural, logistic and operational objectives and aspects in the performance of this type of investigation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Research Design , Tropical Medicine
19.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 35(4): 311-313, jul.-aug. 2002.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-331751

ABSTRACT

In a prospective study to evaluate the influence of secondary bacterial infection on the evaluation of cutaneous leishmaniasis, in Corte de Pedra (Bahia), we isolated Corynebacterium diphtheriae in 7 (8.3) out of 84 patients with ulcers studied. Due to the small number of patients with the presence of the bacteria in the ulcer, we could not conclude whether Corynebacterium diphtheriae behaves only as a colonizer nor its influence on the healing of the leishmaniotic ulcer.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Corynebacterium diphtheriae , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/microbiology , Skin Ulcer/microbiology , Prospective Studies
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